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What is a Compound-Complex Sentence?

To understand a compound complex sentence, let’s review compound sentences and complex sentences.
A compound sentence is made of two simple sentences joined by a conjunction.
A complex sentence is made of a simple sentence and a dependent, or subordinate, clause (has a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought.
So, a compound complex sentence is made up of more than one sentence joined by a conjunction, and at least one of those sentence is complex. In other words, it is a compound sentence with a dependent, or subordinate clause.

Examples of Compound Complex Sentences:

In these examples, the dependent, or subordinate, clause is underlined.

1. When I grow up, I want to be a ballerina, and my mom is proud of me.

2. I will get to watch television, but first, I have to clean up the dishes after we finish eating.

3. We won the game, but my uniform was muddy because it rained the entire time.

4. After our trip to the beach, school started back, and I was excited to see my friends.

5. Sarah cried when her cat got sick, but he soon got better.

6. The sun is shining through the clouds, so I think that we can go swimming.

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What Is a Simple Sentence?

A simple sentence has just one independent clause. A simple sentence has no dependent clauses. An independent clause (unlike a dependent clause) can stand alone as a sentence.

Examples of Simple Sentences

Below are examples of simple sentences.

  • I cannot drink warm milk.
  • A day without sunshine is like night.
  • Only the mediocre are always at their best. (Jean Giraudoux)
  • Reality continues to ruin my life. (Bill Watterson)

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What Is a Compound Sentence?

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. An independent clause (unlike a dependent clause) can stand alone as a sentence.

Examples of Compound Sentences

Below are examples of compound sentences. In each example, the independent clauses are shaded.

    • Only two things are infinite, the universe and human stupidity, and I’m not sure about the former. (Albert Einstein, 1879-1955)
    • There used to be a real me, but I had it surgically removed. (Peter Sellers, 1925-1980)
    • Go, and never darken my towels again. (Groucho Marx, 1890-1977)
        (Note:

Go

    •  is the shortest sentence in English.)

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What Is a Complex Sentence?

A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. An independent clause (unlike a dependent clause) can stand alone as a sentence.

Examples of Complex Sentences

Below are examples of complex sentences. In each example, the independent clause is shaded. The dependent clause is unshaded.

  • Stay in the bath until the phone rings.
  • The car swerved to miss Mrs Jackson, who had slipped off the pavement.
  • Both the cockroach and the bird would get along very well without us, although the cockroach would miss us most. (Joseph Wood Krutch, 1893-1970)
  • Leave while you can.
  • When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong. (Arthur C. Clarke)

    • (This is two complex sentences.)

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What Is an Exclamatory Sentence?

An exclamatory sentence, or exclamation, is a more forceful version of a declarative sentence. In other words, an exclamatory sentence makes a statement (just like a declarative sentence), but it also conveys excitement or emotion. An exclamatory sentence ends with an exclamation mark (!) Exclamatory sentences are common in adverts and informal correspondence (e.g., emails, texts). They are quite rare in business correspondence, where a level head usually needs to be portrayed.

Examples of Exclamatory Sentences

Here are some examples of exclamatory sentences:

    • You were meant to be back yesterday! (expresses anger)
    • Jeepers! You scared the life out of me! (expresses surprise)
    • We won! (expresses happiness)
    • This puzzle is driving me up the wall! (expresses frustration)
    • You’re adorable! (expresses love)
    • It’s a boy! (expresses joy)
    • I’m really going to miss this place! (expresses sorrow)

What Is an Interrogative Sentence?

An interrogative sentence is one that asks a direct question and always ends in a question mark. The term interrogative sentence is another name for a question.

Examples of Interrogative Sentences

Here are some examples of interrogative sentences:

  • Has anyone seen my torch?
  • What’s the capital of Peru?
  • Shall we ask Simon or Jonesy?

Beware Sentences with Indirect Questions

A statement with an indirect questions is a declarative sentence and not an interrogative sentence. For example:

  • I wonder if I’ll ever find my torch.
  • Sarah asked whether anybody had seen her torch.

These are declarative sentences. They are statements not questions.
An indirect question can form part of an interrogative sentence. For example:

    • Can you tell me what material she likes?

(Direct-question version: What material does she like?)

    • Could you fetch me when the alarm beeps?

(Direct-question version: When will the alarm beep?)

    • Did she ask whether I found my torch?

(Direct-question version: Did I find my torch?)

Types of Question

There are three main types of question:

        • Yes/No Questions.Example: Is it raining?(The answer to ayes/no question will beyes orno.)
        • «Question Word» Questions.Example: Why are you bored?(The answer to a«question word» question will be information.)
        • Choice Questions.Example: Do you want salsa dip or cheese dip?(The answer to achoice question will be in the question.)

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What Is an Imperative Sentence?

An imperative sentence gives a direct command. It can end in a full stop or an exclamation mark, depending on the forcefulness of the command.  The main verb in an imperative sentence is said to be in the imperative mood.

Examples of Imperative Sentences

  • Clear this desk by tomorrow!
  • Please tidy your room.
  • Consider the lily.
  • Drive to the roundabout and then turn left.

A Period or Exclamation Mark with an Imperative Sentence?

If the command is forceful, use an exclamation mark. For example:

  • Get out!

If the command is polite or in the form of advice, use period. For example:

  • Please leave.
  • Do not condemn the judgement of another because it differs from your own. (Dandemis)

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What Is a Declarative Sentence?

A declarative sentence states a fact or an argument and ends with a period. Declarative sentences are by far the most common type of sentence.

Examples of Declarative Sentences

Here are some examples of declarative sentences:

      • There are five million people at risk.
      • London is the capital of England.
      • I am no wine connoisseur, but I know what I like.
      • She asked whether I liked her dress.

    (Although this is an indirect question, it is still a statement and, therefore, a declarative sentence.)

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